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. 2006 Jan 25;2006(1):CD004750. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004750.pub2

Comparison 3. Heat plus exercise vs other interventions (acute and sub‐acute LBP <3 months).

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Pain relief (higher score favours heat) ‐ vs booklet 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
1.1 Day 2 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.7 [‐0.01, 1.41]
1.2 Day 4 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.6 [0.89, 2.31]
1.3 Day 7 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 2.0 [1.29, 2.71]
2 Function ‐ Roland‐Morris (change values ‐ lower score favours heat) ‐ vs booklet 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
2.1 Day 2 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.10 [‐1.49, 1.29]
2.2 Day 4 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐2.6 [‐4.54, ‐0.66]
2.3 Day 7 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐4.4 [‐6.62, ‐2.18]
3 Function ‐ MTAP (change values ‐ higher score favours heat) ‐ vs booklet 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
3.1 Day 2 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 7.80 [‐3.72, 19.32]
3.2 Day 4 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 23.80 [9.11, 38.49]
3.3 Day 7 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 43.7 [26.62, 60.78]
4 Pain relief (higher score favours heat) ‐ vs exercise alone 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
4.1 Day 2 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.5 [‐0.21, 1.21]
4.2 Day 4 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.80 [‐0.03, 1.63]
4.3 Day 7 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.4 [0.69, 2.11]
5 Function ‐ Roland‐Morris (change values ‐ lower score favours heat) ‐ vs exercise alone 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
5.1 Day 2 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.60 [‐0.79, 1.99]
5.2 Day 4 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐1.2 [‐3.14, 0.74]
5.3 Day 7 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.20 [‐5.42, ‐0.98]
6 Function ‐ MTAP (change values ‐ higher score favours heat) ‐ vs exercise alone 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
6.1 Day 2 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.30 [‐10.35, 12.95]
6.2 Day 4 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 18.30 [3.48, 33.12]
6.3 Day 7 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 43.7 [26.62, 60.78]
7 Pain relief (higher score favours heat) ‐ vs heat alone 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
7.1 Day 2 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.10 [‐0.61, 0.81]
7.2 Day 4 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.5 [‐0.21, 1.21]
7.3 Day 7 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.1 [0.22, 1.98]
8 Function ‐ Roland‐Morris (change values ‐ lower score favours heat) ‐ vs heat alone 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
8.1 Day 2 1 50 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.3 [‐0.07, 2.67]
8.2 Day 4 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.30 [‐2.24, 1.64]
8.3 Day 7 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐2.7 [‐4.92, ‐0.48]
9 Function ‐ MTAP (change values ‐ higher score favours heat) ‐ vs heat alone 1   Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
9.1 Day 2 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐4.60 [‐16.12, 6.92]
9.2 Day 4 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 10.80 [‐4.02, 25.62]
9.3 Day 7 1 49 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 31.40 [13.79, 49.01]
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