TABLE 1.
Descriptive frequencies of the study sample at baseline differentiating between levels of control over daily hours and control over time off
| Total n (%) | Control over daily hours | Control over time off | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | Moderate | Low | P‐value | High | Moderate | Low | P‐value | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||||
| All | 22 599 | 8071 | 7683 | 6693 | 7694 | 7927 | 6595 | ||
| Sex | P < .001 | P = .016 | |||||||
| Men | 5632 (25) | 2176 (39) | 1462 (25) | 1965 (35) | 1998 (35) | 1902 (34) | 1634 (29) | ||
| Women | 16 967 (75) | 5895 (35) | 6221 (37) | 4728 (29) | 5696 (34) | 6025 (36) | 4961 (29) | ||
| Age | P < .001 | P < .001 | |||||||
| ≤39 | 6029 (27) | 2091 (35) | 2252 (37) | 1655 (27) | 2095 (35) | 2085 (34) | 1763 (29) | ||
| 40‐49 | 7870 (35) | 2934 (37) | 2643 (34) | 2239 (28) | 2811 (36) | 2803 (36) | 2137 (27) | ||
| ≥50 | 8700 (38) | 3046 (35) | 2788 (32) | 2799 (32) | 2788 (32) | 3039 (35) | 2695 (31) | ||
| Education | P < .001 | P < .001 | |||||||
| Primary | 4402 (20) | 928 (21) | 1140 (33) | 1989 (46) | 1134 (27) | 1733 (40) | 1430 (33) | ||
| Lower secondary | 6537 (29) | 2061 (32) | 2175 (34) | 2255 (35) | 2267 (35) | 2590 (40) | 1559 (24) | ||
| Upper secondary | 5718 (26) | 2244 (39) | 2021 (36) | 1427 (25) | 2350 (42) | 2235 (40) | 1064 (19) | ||
| University or similar | 5567 (25) | 2724 (49) | 1928 (35) | 886 (16) | 1831 (33) | 1226 (22) | 2434 (44) | ||
| Occupational class | P < .001 | ||||||||
| Blue collar | 3662 (16) | 557 (15) | 1148 (31) | 1911 (52) | 986 (26) | 1335 (36) | 1244 (34) | ||
| White collar | 18 937 (84) | 7514 (40) | 6535 (34) | 4792 (25) | 6708 (35) | 6592 (35) | 5351 (28) | ||
| Type of shift work | P < .001 | P < .001 | |||||||
| Daytime only | 19 909 (88) | 7665 (38) | 6823 (34) | 5287 (26) | 7048 (35) | 6842 (36) | 5689 (29) | ||
| Including nights | 2056 (9) | 258 (12) | 677 (33) | 1113 (54) | 461 (22) | 839 (41) | 721 (35) | ||
| Type of work contract | P < .001 | P < .001 | |||||||
| Permanent | 20 563 (91) | 7283 (35) | 6344 (31) | 6197 (30) | 7104 (34) | 7325 (21) | 5792 (28) | ||
| Temporary | 1998 (8) | 764 (38) | 730 (36) | 491 (24) | 569 (28) | 588 (29) | 801 (40) | ||
| Physical workload | P < .001 | P < .001 | |||||||
| Low | 14 070 (63) | 6618 (47) | 4554 (32) | 2817 (20) | 5514 (39) | 4590 (33) | 3738 (27) | ||
| High | 8335 (37) | 1382 (17) | 3676 (37) | 3815 (46) | 2119 (25) | 3269 (39) | 2799 (34) | ||
| Mental workload | P < .001 | P < .001 | |||||||
| Very or quite light | 4552 (20) | 1703 (37) | 1401 (31) | 1423 (31) | 1815 (40) | 1693 (37) | 956 (21) | ||
| Quite heavy | 13 510 (60) | 4853 (36) | 4814 (36) | 1379 (28) | 4583 (34) | 4846 (36) | 3871 (29) | ||
| Very heavy | 4270 (19) | 1423 (33) | 3761 (32) | 1436 (34) | 1228 (29) | 1284 (30) | 1694 (40) | ||
| Mental health at baseline | P = .628 | P = .007 | |||||||
| Good | 18 469 (82) | 6620 (36) | 6298 (34) | 5443 (29) | 6411 (34) | 6463 (35) | 4307 (23) | ||
| Poor | 2712 (12) | 994 (37) | 922 (34) | 778 (29) | 881 (32) | 934 (34) | 855 (32) | ||
| Physical health at baseline | P < .001 | P < .001 | |||||||
| Good | 14 948 (66) | 5532 (37) | 5118 (34) | 4216 (28) | 5269 (35) | 5223 (35) | 4218 (28) | ||
| Poor | 6592 (29) | 2163 (33) | 2217 (34) | 2159 (33) | 2117 (32) | 2301 (35) | 2070 (31) | ||
| Sleep hours | P < .001 | P = .0113 | |||||||
| ≤6.5 h | 4948 (22) | 1694 (35) | 1602 (33) | 1616 (33) | 1580 (33) | 1772 (37) | 1496 (31) | ||
| 7.0‐8.5 h | 16 760 (75) | 6105 (37) | 5777 (35) | 4775 (29) | 5829 (35) | 5846 (35) | 4822 (30) | ||
| ≥9.0 h | 615 (3) | 194 (32) | 199 (33) | 215 (35) | 213 (35) | 210 (35) | 181 (30) | ||
| Daily working hours | P < .001 | P < .001 | |||||||
| <7.5 h | 5898 (26) | 3141 (54) | 1862 (32) | 864 (15) | 2072 (36) | 1661 (29) | 2067 (36) | ||
| 7.5‐8.0 h | 15 023 (67) | 4642 (31) | 5380 (36) | 4895 (33) | 5148 (35) | 5644 (38) | 3975 (27) | ||
| >8.0 h | 1678 (7) | 288 (17) | 441 (27) | 934 (56) | 474 (29) | 622 (38) | 553 (34) | ||
| Overtime hours per day | P < .001 | P < .001 | |||||||
| No overtime | 5531 (25) | 1779 (32) | 1811 (33) | 1941 (35) | 2046 (37) | 2065 (38) | 1379 (25) | ||
| ≤1 h | 5785 (26) | 2720 (47) | 1968 (34) | 1097 (19) | 2194 (38) | 1960 (34) | 1607 (28) | ||
| >1 h | 2942 (13) | 1217 (41) | 988 (34) | 737 (25) | 782 (27) | 748 (25) | 1402 (48) | ||
| 8189 (36) | 2355 (29) | 2916 (36) | 2918 (36) | 2672 (33) | 3154 (39) | 2207 (28) | |||