Table.

Factors in the Modern World That Increase and Decrease Inflammation

Factors Associated With Depression That Increase Peripheral Inflammatory Markers	Factors That Decrease Peripheral Inflammatory Markers
Psychosocial stress^11–17	Antidepressants^18–22
Medical illness^23,24	Psychotherapy^25–27
Obesity^28–30	Electroconvulsive therapy³¹
Sedentary lifestyle^32–34	Exercise^{18,32,35–38}
Diet (eg, low ω–3:ω–6 fatty acid ratio, high-fructose sugars)^39–41
Diminished sleep^18,42–45
Social isolation^18,46–49
Low socioeconomic status^18,50–54
Female sex^18,55
Smoking^18,56