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. 2006 Jun 19;173(6):963–974. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200511140

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Copyright © 2006, The Rockefeller University Press

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Figure 4. — TOR signaling inhibits endocytic down-regulation of the amino acid transporter Slimfast. Fat body tissue from mid–third instar larvae stained with Slimfast antibody, which is shown in red. Nuclei are shown in blue. Insets show cellular genotypes; transgene-expressing clones (A, D–H, and J) are marked by GFP expression (green) and loss-of-function clones (B, C, and I) are marked by the absence of GFP. (A–C) High levels of Slimfast accumulate near the surface of cells expressing Shi^K44A (A), but not in cells homozygous for two different alleles of Hsc70-4 (B and C). Mutant cells are indicated by arrows. (D and E) Slimfast levels are regulated by TOR signaling. (D) Overexpression of the positive TOR regulator Rheb leads to increased cell surface levels of Slimfast. (E) Overexpression of the negative TOR regulators Tsc1 and Tsc2 leads to decreased Slimfast levels. (F–H) Slimfast down-regulation resulting from TOR inactivation requires endocytosis. Coexpression of Shi^K44A inhibits TSC1–TSC2-induced Slimfast down-regulation (F; compare to E). Expression of dominant-negative Rab^S43N does not affect Slimfast levels in fed animals (G), but prevents Slimfast down-regulation in response to 24-h starvation (H). (I and J) Slimfast turnover requires endocytic targeting/sorting factors. Loss of Hrs function (I) or expression of dominant-negative Nedd4 (J) leads to increased Slimfast at the plasma membrane. Slimfast is imaged just below the plasma membrane focal plane in these images; GFP expression in insets is imaged at the nuclear focal plane. Arrows mark mutant cells. Genotypes: hsflp¹²²/+; Act>CD2>Gal4, UAS-GFP/UAS-Shi^K44A (A), hsflp¹²²/+; Cg- Gal4/+; FRT82B UAS-GFP/FRT82B Hsc70-4^e3 (B), hsflp¹²²/+; Cg-Gal4/+; FRT82B UAS-GFP/FRT82B Hsc70-4^Δ16 (C), hsflp¹²²/+; Act>CD2>Gal4, UAS-GFP/UAS-Rheb^EP50.084 (C and D), hsflp¹²²/+; Act>CD2>Gal4, UAS-GFP/UAS-Tsc1, UAS-Tsc2, (F) hsflp¹²²/+; Tubulin>CD2>Gal4, UAS-GFP/+; TM3-UAS-Shi^K44A/UAS-Tsc1, UAS-Tsc2 (E), hsflp¹²²/+; Act>CD2>Gal4, UAS-GFP/UAS-Rab5^S43N (G and H), hsflp122/+; Hrs^D28 FRT40A/UAS-2XeGFP FRT40A fb-Gal4 (I), and hsflp¹²²/+; Act>CD2>Gal4, UAS-GFP/UAS-Nedd4^C97411S (J). Bar, 25 μm.

	
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